Abstract
Earth's changing climate through glacial and interglacial stages during the late Quaternary caused the rise and fall of relative sea level (RSL) that transformed palaeogeographical landscapes. Fundamental to our understanding of late Quaternary RSL changes have been geological reconstructions from tropical latitudes. This chapter provides an overview the driving processes causing RSL changes, how RSL is reconstructed using proxy sea-level indicators and discusses the spatial and temporal variability of late Quaternary RSL and palaeogeographical changes in the tropics, including time periods of the last interglacial, last glacial maximum, Holocene, and 20th and 21st century.